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Modern AI models achieve remarkable performance, yet much of their internal reasoning remains opaque. Reverse Engineering ...

Traditional blockchain gas models treat all computation as if it were the same—but modern blockchains execute far more than ...

Blockchain security is not just about cryptography—it's about incentives. Blockchain Security: The Economics of Attack Cost ...

Rollups have delivered scalability to Web3—but at a growing cost to composability. Unifying the Shards explores how the ...

As AI systems expand beyond text into vision, audio, and cross-modal reasoning, architecture—not just scale—defines progress.

As large language models scale, computation is no longer the primary bottleneck—memory is. Breaking the Memory Wall ...

For years, blockchain design has been framed around the trilemma—but as systems mature, the deeper challenge lies in ...

As blockchains scale and mature, a new struggle is emerging beneath transactions and tokens: control over blockspace itself.